| Using a telephoto lens to get in close to the action | | | | set it up just about anywhere. |
| or sneak up on a subject from a discreet | | | | It won't allow you to set shutter speeds as slow |
| distance is terrifically exciting, and can yield great | | | | as you can get away with using a tripod. But it will |
| pictures. But the high magnification of long tele | | | | let you shoot safely-that is, without a serous risk |
| and zoom lenses accentuates the effects of | | | | of image-softening shake-at speeds two or three |
| camera shake caused by your inability to hold the | | | | steps slower than you'd have to use if you were |
| camera and lens absolutely still. The effects of | | | | shooting handheld. That may make it possible to |
| wind, moving or shaking floors, residual vibration | | | | shoot in lower light, and/or to use a slower, |
| from camera mirrors flipping up just prior to | | | | finer-grained film. |
| exposure, atmospheric haze, and heat waves can | | | | Get a monopod that can be raised to your eye |
| also add problems. | | | | level, is quick and easy to set up. If you shoot a |
| Cold, tired, been drinking stimulants (coffee, tea, | | | | lot of verticals, you may want to add a good |
| or cola)? They add to your problems. Avoid them | | | | swivel ball head for maneuverability. |
| all if you can and don't despair. | | | | A tripod is the best device for insuring minimal |
| When handholding your camera and lens, start | | | | effects from vibration with a long tele or zoom |
| with a fast film, ISO 400 or higher. This will allow | | | | lens. With a sturdy one, you can use slower |
| you to use higher shutter speeds (1/1000 sec and | | | | shutter speeds and lower ISO-higher resolution |
| above) and minimize the effects of shake in a | | | | films. If you own a shaky tripod, tie a three to |
| variety of lighting conditions. Use the proper | | | | five pound weight to the center column for added |
| stance: arms closely tucked into the body, elbows | | | | stability. |
| partially supported by the chest or abdomen, lens | | | | Physically long teles should have tripod-mounting |
| and camera balanced by the left hand and arm. | | | | collars to attach the lens at the proper fulcrum to |
| Practice supporting and focusing the camera with | | | | the tripod rather than the camera. You can also |
| your left hand, aim the camera slightly above the | | | | use a secondary support for the camera like |
| subject, take a deep breath, let the view drop to | | | | Bogen's Long Lens Support. This telescoping brace |
| the proper composition while exhaling, and gently | | | | attaches to most tripod legs via a universal clamp |
| press the shutter. | | | | at one end and a swivel ball head for the camera |
| For support, find a fence post, parked car, or | | | | at the other. The brace makes it more difficult to |
| folded jacket. Lean on it or rest your camera on | | | | change camera position, but it considerably lessens |
| top of it while shooting. If you have such a | | | | the effects of vibration. |
| support, a 1/30 second exposure isn't an | | | | If you're on shaky ground, tripods won't help. |
| impossibility, even with a 500mm lens. You'll be | | | | They'll actually transmit the motion right to the |
| using slower shutter speeds more often than | | | | lens and camera. It's better to handhold the |
| you'd like. The minimum shutter speed rule of | | | | camera if you can set a reasonable shutter |
| thumb for hand-holding a long tele or zoom lens is | | | | speed, and let your body damp the vibration. |
| this: Slowest safe shutter speed = 1 over the lens | | | | Atmospheric haze and heat waves can't always |
| focal length. | | | | be eliminated, but using a haze or polarizing filter |
| For example, if you're shooting with a 500mm f/4 | | | | can help cut through the haze and increase color |
| lens, the limiting shutter speed for a handheld shot | | | | saturation and contrast. Also, use your lens hood, |
| would be 1 /500 second at the correct aperture | | | | or shade the lens, to minimize the possibility of |
| for a good exposure. This rule applies to a | | | | flare. |
| properly-braced photographer standing on solid | | | | Few techniques in photography require more |
| ground. | | | | expertise and skill than the successful use of a |
| Chest braces, rifle stocks, and similar devices | | | | long tele or zoom lens. If you want to become |
| aren't as practical as a lightweight monopod or | | | | more proficient, practice, practice, practice! |
| tripod. A monopod is easy to carry, and you can | | | | |