Shapka - Ushanka

One could hardly exaggerate the meaning of"shapka - ushanka" The basic production - for the
"shapka-ushanka" in the life of any Russian man.bulk of population as we call mass market - was
The popularity of this head accessory had beenestablished on the rabit skin. Every mother
fantastic since the World war II up to the dawn"packing" her kid to the kindergarten and tying the
of the Soviet Union in the beginning of 90ies.tapes of "ushanka" under the kid's chin was
With the opening of the Russian borders therested assured and confident that her kid wouldn't
uninhibited flow of the new modern clothes,get frozen. I should mention that during the
accessories and hats of all styles and trades hasSoviet power the ordinary Russian people were
seriously dropped down the privileged position ofnot spoilt with personal cars and private
shapka-ushanka. That's why you can hardy meettransportation. : It took long time to get to work
a person in a large city wearing it now with thefrom one part of the city to another and
exception for maybe military men or orthodox."shapka-ushanka" was of real use and help during
About the military ...Since 1940 ushanka hassevere frosts that are not a rare thing in Russia.
become a part of the uniform of Russian armySo, one could hardly overestimate the role of
and militsia (police) Picking out the fact that theshapka-ushanka in his/her life :-)
half of Russian male population are either militaryIf it was not too cold outside the "ears" of the
or "menty" (cops) and practically all of the malehat was turned up and tied on the crown. If a
population serve in the army at the age of 18person works outside on the fresh air (during
(we have an obligatory conscription) the benefitswinter) then there was a special variant to tie the
and advantages of shapka - ushanka were tested"ears" - backwards on the nape (the back of the
and highly estimated.head) that worked better (as on the one hand
So, shall we consider the hat that has become anthe person kept ears save and on the other hand
concurrent part of the stereotype image of thedidn't suffer from the heat) BUT in case of
Russian man (e.g. in Hollywood, on caricatures,severe frosts nobody was shy to turn the ears
etc) and that is called simply "shapka" in English.down and tie up under the chin to avoid chilblain
Shapka - ushanka - a winter fur hat, cloth orfrom Ded Moroz (Santa Claus)
combined (initially - A male hat) a wide-known andI should admit that there were also hats made of
widespread hat in Russia. It takes its name afterdifferent furs in the special fur ateliers.
its "ears" - (ushi - in Russian) that could beShapka-ushanka made of squirrel, bear, dog,
lowered or turned down but usually up and tied onnutria, polar fox, marten of course mink! Oh, my
the crown. On request :-) when it's necessary "theGod, mink hat! It was beyond one's wildest
ears" could be untied and turned down with thedreams. The dream of Soviet citizen during the
nape flap (the back of the head part) to save realperiod of the late stagnation and the beginning of
ears from frost and wind, partially cheeks, chin ofPerestroika! The person was proud to wear it and
the person wearing "ushanka".when he/she took it off he/she put it in front of
If we dig down the "ushanka" descending historyoneself on the table. So, everybody could see it.
we shall see that it comes from the Baltic (IIt was the sign of prosperity. If one didn't
would add) Finnish hats, that already had ears andpossess such a mink hat in province the waiter at
the tapes added for tying up in XIX century.the restaurant tried to pass you by :-) The owner
The fashion for the round crowned hats firstof the mink hat never lowered "ears" of the hat
appeared among the St Petersburg working classeven in the sever frosts but pulled his hat over
then was spread across Russia.his eyes more deeply.
The fur factories of USSR started manufacturing